Diphencyprone as a therapeutic option in cutaneous metastasis of melanoma. A single-institution experience

Abstract: Diphencyprone has been reported as a local immunotherapy for cutaneous melanoma metastases. We aim to report cases of melanoma patients treated with diphencyprone in a single Brazilian institution and highlight their outcomes. Since 2012, we have treated 16 melanoma patients with cutaneous metastases with topical diphencyprone. To date, we have had 37.5% of complete response, 25% of partial responses, and 31.25% patients without any response. Treatment was well tolerated and local toxicity was easily controlled. We believe topical diphencyprone is a feasible treatment that can be another option for treating melanoma patients, especially in cases of in-transit or extensive disease.

Histopathological analysis of the therapeutic response to cryotherapy with liquid nitrogen in patients with multiple actinic keratosis

Abstract Actinic keratoses are premalignant lesions of the skin caused by excessive sun exposure. Lesions may become mainly squamous cell carcinoma. Cryotherapy with liquid nitrogen is one of the main treatments. In order to evaluate the response of actinic keratosis to cryotherapy by histopathology, two lesions were selected in each of 14 patients with multiple actinic keratoses. In one lesion a biopsy was performed and in the other lesion a biopsy was performed after cryotherapy. Subsequently, both biopsies were compared histologically. Of the thirteen patients who completed the study, the best results were obtained in lesions undergoing cryotherapy concerning the atypia of keratinocytes, epithelial thickness and corneal layer and lymphocytic infiltrate. Despite the small number of patients, it was concluded that, if performed correctly, cryotherapy has high efficacy in the treatment of actinic keratoses.

Vemurafenib and cutaneous adverse events - report of five cases

Vemurafenib is a selective inhibitor of V600E-mutant BRAF protein used to treat metastatic and unresectable melanoma. Clinical trials have shown increased overall survival and progression-free survival in patients treated with Vemurafenib. However, cutaneous adverse events are common during treatment. We report fi ve cases of metastatic melanoma with BRAF V600E positivity, treated with Vemurafenib and its cutaneous adverse events. Dermatologists and oncologists need to be aware of possible skin changes caused by this medication, which is increasingly employed in melanoma treatment. Monitoring of patients during therapy is important for early treatment of adverse cutaneous cutaneous adverse events, improvement in quality of life and adherence to treatment.

Classic Kaposi's sarcoma treated with elastic stockings and outpatient follow-up of a 90-year-old patient / Sarcoma de Kaposi classico tratado com meias elasticas e acompanhamento ambulatorial numa paciente de 90 anos

Kaposi's sarcoma is a multifactorial angioproliferative disorder. The herpes virus 8 human contributes to its pathogenesis, but it is uncertain whether these lesions are only reactive hyperplasia to the virus or neoplasia. Four clinical types are described: classic, endemic, iatrogenic and HIV-associated. Classic Kaposi's sarcoma has no standard staging or treatment protocols. Some studies have shown the use of compression stockings in the treatment of lymphedema associated with Kaposi's sarcoma. We report the case of a 90 year-old patient with classic Kaposi's sarcoma treated with compression stockings who showed a satisfactory response.

O sarcoma de Kaposi é uma desordem angioproliferativa de causa multifatorial. O vírus herpes 8 participa na sua patogenia, porém há dúvidas se a origem das lesões é apenas por hiperplasia reacional ao vírus ou uma neoplasia propriamente dita. Quatro tipos clínicos são descritos: clássico, endêmico, iatrogênico e associado ao HIV. O tipo clássico de sarcoma de Kaposi mantém-se sem padronização de estadiamento ou protocolos de tratamento. Há alguns estudos mostrando o uso de meias compressivas no tratamento do linfedema associado ao Kaposi Comunicamos um caso de uma paciente de 90 anos com sarcoma de Kaposi clássico tratado com meias elásticas compressivas, mostrando uma resposta satisfatória.

Case report of cutaneous histiocytic sarcoma: diagnostic and therapeutic dilemmas / Relato de um caso de sarcoma histiocitico cutaneo: dilemas diagnosticos e terapeuticos

Histiocytic sarcoma is a rare hematologic malignant neoplasia originating from histiocytic or dendritic cell clones. The lesions may be in nodal or extranodal sites, most commonly in the gastrointestinal tract. A small number of cases presents as unique cutaneous lesions. The definitive diagnosis is made by positivity for the immunohistochemical markers CD163, CD68, CD4 and lysozyme. The treatment is controversial, often with combined systemic chemotherapy. This is a case of cutaneous histiocytic sarcoma in an 82-year-old patient presenting two nodular lesions in the breast and right arm which were treated with simple excision and multidisciplinary follow-up, avoiding aggressive management and exhaustive investigations. Although most studies report aggressive evolution, the patient had good and stable clinical status during the twelve-month follow-up period.

Sarcoma histiocítico é uma rara entidade neoplásica maligna hematológica originada de clones celulares dendríticos ou histiocitários. As lesões podem ser nodais ou extranodais, mais comumente no trato gastrintestinal. Um pequeno número de casos apresenta lesões cutâneas exclusivas. O diagnóstico definitivo é feito pela positividade dos marcadores imunohistoquímicos CD163, CD68, CD4 e lisozima. O tratamento é controverso, geralmente com quimioterapia combinada sistêmica. Este é um caso de sarcoma histiocítico cutâneo em uma paciente de 82 anos apresentando duas lesões nodulares na mama e braço direitos, tratadas com exérese simples e seguimento multidisciplinar, evitando-se condutas intempestivas e investigações exaustivas. Apesar de a maioria dos estudos relatar evolução agressiva, a paciente apresenta quadro clínico bom e estável no período de doze meses de seguimento.